Dark patterns are intentionally deceptive design techniques used by websites and apps to manipulate user decisions. They work by exploiting psychological factors like pressure, urgency, or confusion, often by hiding information, using manipulative language, or making ethical choices difficult. Common examples include hidden costs that appear only at checkout, making it hard to unsubscribe from services, and sneaky add-ons automatically included in a cart. Dark patterns can lead consumers to make unwanted decisions, increase impulse purchases, violate informed consent, and erode trust in digital platforms. Consumers can protect themselves by reading carefully before clicking, checking terms and conditions, choosing transparent platforms, and reporting manipulative practices. The goal is to "Make choices with awareness, not manipulation".

Define dark patterns and explain how they are used to manipulate consumer behavior online. Identify common examples of dark patterns in e-commerce and digital services. Understand the negative effects of dark patterns on consumers, including unwanted decisions and violation of informed consent. Learn practical strategies to identify and protect oneself from dark patterns when engaging with online platforms. Recognize the importance of making conscious and informed choices in the digital environment.